柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)溫度過高與動(dòng)力不足是什么原因造成的?
Diesel engine temperature is too high and lack of motivation is what causes?
發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)溫度過高的原因
Engine temperature is too high
發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)溫度過高這一故障是一個(gè)綜合性的故障。
The engine temperature is too high for this failure is a comprehensive.
一:冷卻系統(tǒng)
A: the cooling system
冷卻液缺損。
Coolant defect.
1冷卻散熱器堵塞。由于水箱水垢或臟物造成冷卻液流通阻力增大。
1 cooling radiator blockage. Because of the scale or dirty water tank caused by the cooling fluid circulation resistance increases.
2風(fēng)扇皮帶松馳,造成水箱冷空氣過氣量不夠。
2 the fan belt relaxation caused by cold air, water content is not enough.
3水泵皮帶松馳或水泵葉輪損蝕,使冷卻液流量減少。
3 water pump belt relaxation or pump impeller abrasion, the coolant flow reduction.
4防凍冷卻液的濃度過高。
The concentration of 4 antifreeze coolant is too high.
5節(jié)溫器失效,造成溫度上升后,節(jié)溫器仍打不開。
5 the thermostat failure, resulting in the increase of temperature, the thermostat is still not open.
6冷卻系統(tǒng)內(nèi)有空氣。此時(shí)應(yīng)用排空氣開關(guān)將空氣排放。
There are 6 air cooling system. The application of air switch will air emissions.
7發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)機(jī)體內(nèi)水垢或臟物堵塞。
Scale or dirt 7 engine block.
8氣缸蓋缸床損壞,使氣缸與水道竄通。此時(shí)不僅溫度高,而且冷卻液內(nèi)伴有氣泡。嚴(yán)重時(shí)會產(chǎn)生“反水”故障。
Cylinder bed damage 8 cylinder cover, the cylinder and water channeling. Now not only the high temperature, and the cooling liquid with bubbles. Serious when can produce "defected" fault.
二:發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力不足
Two: the power of the engine
1不合理載荷的增加
Add 1 unreasonable load
2噴油泵的“停油”杠桿部分拉向停油位置
2 fuel injection pump "stop oil" lever part to stop oil position
3當(dāng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)熄火時(shí),可以通過拉動(dòng)噴油泵調(diào)速器上的“停油”杠桿,使噴油泵供油齒桿被拉到“斷油”位置而實(shí)現(xiàn)熄火。如果在熄火后,“停油”杠桿沒有推回到完全釋放的位置,而是停止在部分停油位置,則噴油泵供油齒桿被限制在部分供油位置,使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)得不到全負(fù)荷供油而顯出動(dòng)力不足的現(xiàn)象。
3 when the engine flameout, can pull the injection pump governor "stop oil" lever, the fuel injection pump gear lever is pulled to "break the oil" position and realize the flameout. If after flameout, "stop oil" leverage is not back to the release position, but stopped in some oil stopping position, the fuel injection pump rack is limited in some oil supply position, to make the engine can not get full load supply and show the power shortage.
4燃料系統(tǒng)堵塞使供油阻力增大,供油壓力下降
The oil resistance increases jam 4 fuel system, oil pressure drop
5供油系統(tǒng)漏氣
5 fuel supply system leakage
6供油泵供油壓力不足,供油泵活塞漏損,供油泵進(jìn)、出油閥密封不嚴(yán)都是影響供油壓力的主要因素。由此造成噴油量不足,使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力受到影響。噴油泵的噴油量不夠。
Less than 6 pump oil pressure piston pump, pump leakage, into, out of the oil valve is not tightly sealed are main factors of influencing the supply pressure. The resulting fuel injection quantity is insufficient, which makes the power of the engine are affected. Fuel injection pump is not enough.
7進(jìn)、排氣系統(tǒng)不密封,排氣壓力決定了增壓器的轉(zhuǎn)速,而增壓器的轉(zhuǎn)速又決定了發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的進(jìn)氣量。因此從排氣歧管至增壓器這一段排氣管線接頭,密封墊如果漏氣,則會直接影響發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力。同樣道理,如果從增壓器經(jīng)中冷器到進(jìn)氣歧管這一進(jìn)氣系統(tǒng)漏氣,同樣會降低發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的進(jìn)氣量,降低功率。因此,這一段管線接頭,密封墊漏氣同樣會影響發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力。
7, the exhaust system not sealed, exhaust pressure determines the turbocharger speed, and the turbocharger speed determines the air intake of the engine. So from the exhaust manifold and turbocharger in this section of the exhaust pipe joints, sealing gasket if leakage, it will directly affect the engine power. Similarly, if the turbocharger with intercooler to the intake manifold of the intake air system leakage, can also reduce the air intake of the engine, reducing power. Therefore, this section of the pipeline joints, sealing gasket leak will also affect the power of the engine.
8增壓器燒損,增壓器是與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力直接有關(guān)聯(lián)的部件。增壓器燒損會直接影響發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的充氣系數(shù),從而直接影響發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力。
8 supercharger burning, turbocharger and engine power is directly associated with the component. Supercharger burning will directly affect the inflation coefficient of engine, which directly influences the engine.
9冒煙限制器(AFC)管線漏氣,冒煙限制器是一個(gè)隨時(shí)感受進(jìn)氣壓力從而自動(dòng)地限制噴油量,使噴油量隨時(shí)與進(jìn)空氣量相匹配,保持空-燃比總在一個(gè)比較合理的比例的一個(gè)裝置。因此,如果冒煙限制器(安裝在調(diào)速器上)聯(lián)接至進(jìn)氣歧管的氣管線或其接頭漏氣,則既使進(jìn)氣量達(dá)到額定數(shù)值,其噴油量也被限定在部分負(fù)荷時(shí)的噴油量,因此表現(xiàn)出發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力不足的現(xiàn)象。這一故障常反映在維修保養(yǎng),重新組裝進(jìn)氣道后。
9 smoke limiter (AFC) pipeline leakage, smoke limiter is a time to feel the inlet pressure automatically limits the fuel injection quantity, injection quantity at any time to match with the air inlet quantity, air-fuel ratio of a device in a reasonable proportion of conservation. Therefore, if the smoke emission limiter (installed in the governor) line connected to the intake manifold or the joints leak, then even if air reaches the rated value, the amount of fuel injection quantity of fuel injection is limited in part load, thus showing the engine power shortage. This fault is often reflected in the repair and maintenance, re assembled after the inlet.
10燃油標(biāo)號不對路,或燃油質(zhì)量較差,一般柴油機(jī)要求燒十六烷值大于45指標(biāo)的柴油。如果所燒柴油指標(biāo)低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn),或其質(zhì)量指標(biāo)不符合要求,發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)顯然動(dòng)力不足。
10 fuel the wrong way, or fuel quality is poor, the general requirement of diesel engine burning sixteen alkyl values greater than 45 index of diesel. If the diesel index lower than the standard, or the quality does not meet the requirements, the engine is obviously insufficient power.
11機(jī)油油位太高,發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)油底內(nèi)機(jī)油不能低于油尺標(biāo)定的下限,但也不能高于油尺標(biāo)定的上限。如果加注的機(jī)油過多,不僅使機(jī)油消耗量增多,反而會造成發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力下降,而且發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)過熱。
11 the oil level is too high, oil can not be lower than the lower limit gauge calibration of engine oil bottom, but not higher than the upper limit of the oil dipstick calibration. If charging too much oil, the oil consumption increases, it will cause the loss of engine power, but the engine overheating.
12中冷器部分堵塞,中冷器如果部分堵塞,不僅使空氣溫度增高,而且增加了進(jìn)氣阻力。這兩者都造成了進(jìn)氣量的下降。從而降低了發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力。
12 cooler partially blocked, cooler if partially blocked, the air temperature is increased, but also increase the intake resistance. Both caused a decline in air intake. In order to reduce the power of the engine.
13空氣濾清器芯部分堵塞,空濾芯臟造成過氣量不夠,顯然會影響發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力。因此必須定期對空濾芯進(jìn)行清理。
The 13 air filter core blockage, air filter dirty caused by the volume is not enough, will obviously affect the engine power. It must be regularly to air filter cleaning.
14噴油正時(shí)不正確,噴油正時(shí)不正確顯然會造成燃燒不在最佳時(shí)刻進(jìn)行。這樣不僅造成發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力不足,而且會造成排煙。一般來講發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)冒黑煙時(shí),噴油正時(shí)太早,而冒白煙時(shí)是噴油正時(shí)過晚所致。
14 fuel injection timing is incorrect, the fuel injection timing is incorrect obviously will cause combustion is not in the best moment. This not only caused the loss of engine power, but also cause smoke. Generally speaking, the engine black smoke, injection timing too early, and white smoke is caused by fuel injection timing is too late.
15氣門間隙調(diào)整不當(dāng),氣門間隙調(diào)整不當(dāng)會改變發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的配氣相位。從而造成發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力不足,應(yīng)按規(guī)定的程序和方法正確地調(diào)整氣門。
15 valve clearance adjustment of valve clearance adjustment inappropriate, improper will change with gas phase engine. Thus causing the engine power is insufficient, should according to the specified procedures and methods correctly adjusting valve.
16排氣管道被部分堵塞,一般裝有發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排氣制動(dòng)裝置。在排氣制動(dòng)實(shí)施完之后,安裝在排氣管道上的蝶形閥沒有完全回位,從而部分堵塞排氣,使排氣阻力增大,這不僅使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)顯式出無力的癥狀,而且伴隨著排黑煙。因此,遇有這種表現(xiàn)時(shí),應(yīng)檢查一下排氣制動(dòng)蝶形閥。
16 the exhaust pipe is blocked, usually equipped with engine exhaust brake. After the implementation of finished in the exhaust brake, the butterfly valve is installed on the exhaust pipe is not fully return, thereby blocking the exhaust, the exhaust resistance increases, which not only make the engine explicit weak symptoms, but also accompanied by a row of black smoke. Therefore, in such form, should check the exhaust brake butterfly valve.
17發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)嚴(yán)重磨損或拉缸,如果發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)缸套、活塞磨損超差、活塞環(huán)磨損嚴(yán)重或是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)拉缸、活塞環(huán)開口對口等等,都是動(dòng)力明顯不足的主要原因。用氣缸壓力表測量每個(gè)氣缸的壓縮壓力,即可判斷發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力不足的本身原因。
17 serious engine wear and scuffing, if the engine cylinder liner, piston wear tolerance, piston ring wear serious or the engine cylinder, piston ring opening mouth and so on, are the main reasons for the power obviously insufficient. With the cylinder compression pressure pressure gauge measurement of each cylinder can be determined, the power of the engine itself.