英國(guó)珀金斯、沃爾沃、mtu、康明斯等常用的柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)上有哪些傳感器與功能的介紹
What are the functions of sensor and British Perkins, Volvo, MTU, Cummings and other commonly used on diesel engine is introduced
一:柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)傳感器的基礎(chǔ)介紹
電控柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)上的傳感器可謂五花八門(mén),其中傳感器類型大致分為壓力傳感器、溫度傳感器、速度與位置傳感器這三類,細(xì)分類型大約有十余種。
A: Diesel Engine introduced based sensor
The sensor is making electronic control on diesel engine of a wide variety, including sensor type can be divided into pressure sensor, temperature sensor, speed and position sensor three, there are about more than ten kinds of subdivision type.
如圖為博世電控高壓共軌結(jié)構(gòu)圖
這其中包括:機(jī)油壓力和溫度傳感器、溫度傳感器、進(jìn)氣溫度傳感器、冷卻液溫度傳感器、燃油壓力和溫度傳感器、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)位置傳感器、凸輪軸位置傳感器、曲軸位置傳感器等十余種傳感器。而下面所要介紹的是大多電控柴油機(jī)所必備傳感器。
Figure for Bosch electronically controlled high pressure common rail structure diagram
Making including: oil pressure and temperature sensor, temperature sensor, intake air temperature
sensor, coolant temperature sensor, oil pressure and temperature sensor, engine speed sensor, engine position
sensor, camshaft position sensor, crankshaft position sensor and other more than ten kinds of sensors. Which of the following will introduce electronic controlled diesel engine is most necessary for sensor.
二:曲軸轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器Two: crankshaft speed sensor
以上圖為電控系列發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的傳感器
結(jié)構(gòu):磁脈沖式
功用:轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器采集柴油機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速信號(hào)以便ECU計(jì)算循環(huán)供油量,還可提供曲軸位置信號(hào)以便ECU對(duì)噴油正時(shí)作出準(zhǔn)確控制;輔助轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器用來(lái)作為轉(zhuǎn)速信號(hào)計(jì)算曲軸轉(zhuǎn)角的信號(hào),進(jìn)行判缸。
安裝位置:飛輪殼上與供給泵上
三:凸輪軸位置傳感器
結(jié)構(gòu):以磁繞組方式
功用:凸輪軸每轉(zhuǎn)一圈向ECU提供一個(gè)信號(hào),ECU據(jù)此確定那個(gè)氣缸的活塞處于壓縮行程上止點(diǎn)。
安裝位置:在凸輪軸前端
Above the sensor electronic control engine series
Structure: magnetic pulse
Making making function: the speed sensor to collect the signal of the diesel engine speed to ECU fuel cycle, can also provide the crankshaft position signal
to ECU on the fuel injection timing to make accurate
control; auxiliary speed sensor is used to signal as the rotational speed signal calculation of crankshaft angle, were sentenced to cylinder.
Making making installation location: flywheel shell and supply pump
Three: the camshaft position sensor
Structure: magnetic winding
Making making function: the camshaft rotates one circle to ECU provides a signal, the ECU determines that the cylinder piston at TDC on the compression stroke.
Making making installation location: in front of the cam shaft
四:共軌壓力傳感器
Four: common rail pressure sensor
結(jié)構(gòu):壓阻式高壓傳感器,最高頻率在1KHz,測(cè)量范圍在0-200Mpa
功用:實(shí)時(shí)測(cè)定共軌管中的實(shí)際壓力信號(hào)并反饋給ECU,增減調(diào)節(jié)油壓
安裝位置:共軌管上
五:冷卻液傳感器
Structure: the piezoresistive pressure sensor, the highest frequency in 1KHz, measured in the range of 0-200Mpa
Making making functions: real-time measurement of the actual pressure signal common rail tube and feedback to the ECU, or adjust the oil pressure
Making making installation location: common rail pipe
Five: the coolant sensor
結(jié)構(gòu):負(fù)溫度細(xì)數(shù)的熱敏電阻,其使用范圍為40-130°C
功用:主要用于測(cè)量發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)冷卻的溫度,從而進(jìn)一步精確控制燃油噴射量
安裝位置:在節(jié)溫體上。
Structure: the breakdown of the negative temperature thermistor, the use range of 40-130 ° C
Making making function: it is mainly used for the measurement of engine cooling temperature, thus further precise control of fuel injection quantity
Making making installation location: on the thermostat body
六:進(jìn)氣壓力傳感器
Six: the inlet pressure sensor
結(jié)構(gòu):半導(dǎo)體壓敏電阻式壓力傳感體
功用:計(jì)算空氣量,用來(lái)控制空燃比和負(fù)溫度細(xì)數(shù)的熱敏電阻,從而進(jìn)一步精確控制燃油噴射量。
安裝位置:安裝在進(jìn)氣歧管
Structure: semiconductor piezoresistance type pressure sensor body
Making making function: the calculation of air volume, used to control the thermal resistor air-fuel ratio and negative temperature breakdown, thus further precise control of fuel injection quantity.
Making making installation: installed in the intake manifold
七: 燃油溫度傳感器
Seven: fuel temperature sensor
結(jié)構(gòu):負(fù)溫度細(xì)數(shù)的熱敏電阻,其使用范圍為﹣40-130°C。
功用:用于向發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制單元提供燃油溫度信號(hào),一般設(shè)置在第二級(jí)燃油濾清器蓋內(nèi)。發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制單元根據(jù)燃油的溫度變化對(duì)噴油量進(jìn)行修正,因?yàn)槿加碗S溫度升高而膨脹變得密度變小。位置: 在主油管上
Structure: the breakdown of the negative temperature thermistor, the scope for the use of 40-130 ° C.
Making making function: used to provide fuel temperature signal to the engine control unit, usually set at a second grade oil filter cover. The engine control unit
was used to modify the fuel quantity according to the fuel temperature
changes, because the fuel temperature and expansion become density becomes small.
Making making position: in the main pipe
八:機(jī)油溫度傳感器
Eight: the oil temperature sensor
結(jié)構(gòu):負(fù)溫度細(xì)數(shù)的熱敏電阻
功用:用于向發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制單元提供發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的機(jī)油溫度,特別是在寒冷氣溫狀態(tài)下。
位置:主機(jī)油管上
九:結(jié)后語(yǔ)
伴隨著電噴柴油機(jī)的普及,電控系統(tǒng)在柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)上作用越來(lái)越廣。而作為發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)“耳朵”的傳感器們更是遍布在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)上的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié),時(shí)時(shí)刻刻監(jiān)測(cè)其工作中的狀態(tài)。所以,在日常生活中不要因?yàn)樗鼈兊男〔黄鹧鄱鲆曀鼈兊闹匾饔谩?/P>
Structure: the breakdown of the negative temperature thermistor
Making making functions: to provide the engine oil temperature to the engine control unit, especially in the cold weather condition.
Making making position: the host pipe
Nine: after the words
Making along with popularization of EFI engine, electronic control system in the diesel engine is more and more widely. As the sensor are
engine "ears" is every detail throughout the engine, constantly monitoring the working state of the. So, don't in daily life because of their humble and ignore the important role of their.